Comprehensive Cannabis Pangenome

LOS ANGELES- A collaborative study led by the Salk Institute for Biological Studies has constructed the most comprehensive genetic map of Cannabis sativa to date, analyzing 193 genomes from 144 biological samples. This pangenome reveals extensive genetic diversity, offering insights into cannabinoid biosynthesis, plant resilience, and potential for crop improvement.

Key Findings:

• Genetic Diversity: The study uncovered that only 23% of genes are present across all genomes, indicating significant variability. This diversity surpasses that found in many other crops, suggesting untapped potential for breeding programs.

• Cannabinoid Biosynthesis: Genes responsible for producing cannabinoids like THC and CBD are located within transposable elements, which may contribute to the rapid evolution of these compounds. The research also identified genetic variants associated with rare cannabinoids such as THCV and CBDV, which are gaining interest for their potential therapeutic properties. Sex Chromosome Insights: The inclusion of both male (XY) and female (XX) genomes allowed for the first detailed analysis of cannabis sex chromosomes. Findings suggest that male-specific genes could be leveraged to enhance breeding strategies, challenging the current focus on feminized plants.